Roses Through The Ages - Literature

The late President of India, Dr. Zakir Hussain, who was a great rose lover wrote in the Forward of a famous Indian book on the rose,

"If there were no roses how much poorer this world would be."

In Persia, the land of roses, many writers wove the flower into their stories and legends. The Persian poet Sadi, named his celebrated book Gulistan or Rose Garden. A quote from this book says, "The Rose, it may last at best four or five days, but my creation-the rose garden, will blossom for ever". The greatest of the Persian Poets, Nizami, wrote in twelfth century his famous work Treasury of Mysteries, in which he narrated an unusual story where the rose played a fatal role. In the story two physicians fought a duel, not with any weapons, but with poison. The effort of one of the physicians to poison the other was thwarted by a spell of magic. The other physician then took out a rose, made a gesture of casting a spell on it, and dared the other physician to sniff it. The doctor did so and died instantaneously. Later in the poem Nizami explained that the rival had collapsed out of fear and hypnosis. Poet Hafiz wrote that 'rose is the color of sincerity'.
Rose in Art, Emblem and Stamps

The earliest artistic depiction of a rose is on a 1600 B.C. fresco from Knossos in Crete. The rose appears to be the Rosa gallica; but surprisingly has 6 petals instead of 5. But there is doubt about the identity of the rose, since the leaves pained alongside proved it amply. Homer 900 (B.C.) recorded that the shield of Achilles was engraved with roses. In Greek as well as Roman art many attractive and highly stylised motifs of the rose may be seen. Roses have figured in the early tomb paintings of Egypt as well.

The manuscript of the 14 century epic poem Romaunt de la Rose by Chaucer has been illustrated beautifully with paintings of red roses. One of the earliest English miniature painters, Nicholas Hillard (1537-1619), painted a portrait in which an unknown gallant of the Elizabeth period is depicted in a rose garden. The painting of Bernardino Luini during 1365, known as 'The Madonna in the Rose Bower' is known for its beauty. One of the most widely known rose painters, Pierre Joseph Redoute' (1759-1840), was appointed by Empress Josephine to illustrate flowers in general, and roses in particular. One of his beautiful colour illustration shows the rose of Bengal (India), Rosa indica and the Rosa Sulfurea. Alfred Parson is best known for his paintings of roses.

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